Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

What condition may result from increasing intracranial pressure (ICP)?

1. Decreased heart rate

2. Skin rash

3. Edema and ischemia

4. Increased appetite

The correct answer is: Edema and ischemia

Increasing intracranial pressure (ICP) can lead to significant complications in the brain and its function. When the pressure inside the skull rises, it can cause swelling (edema) of brain tissue and restrict blood flow, leading to ischemia, which is a lack of oxygen and nutrients to the brain cells. This combination can result in serious neurological deficits and can be life-threatening if not addressed promptly. As the ICP continues to escalate, the pressure on the brain may impair its ability to function properly, potentially leading to symptoms such as headaches, altered mental status, or loss of consciousness. In severe cases, unrelieved pressure can even cause brain herniation, where brain tissue is forced through openings in the skull, leading to further damage and complications. The other options do not relate directly to the physiological processes affected by increased ICP. A decreased heart rate, skin rash, or increased appetite are not typical responses to increased intracranial pressure and may point to other medical issues that do not directly tie into the consequences of heightened ICP.